Six Commonly Used Abrasives for Grinding

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In the field of grinding, various types of abrasives are employed to achieve desired results. Understanding the characteristics and applications of different abrasive materials is crucial for optimizing the grinding process. This article explores six commonly used abrasives and their specific uses in grinding applications.

1. Black Corundum:

Black corundum is suitable for processing steel and is commonly used in applications such as glass sandblasting, hardware casting, and building flooring. Although its hardness is slightly lower compared to brown corundum, black corundum exhibits excellent resistance to breakage during grinding. It is well-suited for rough and heavy grinding of high-tensile strength metals such as carbon steel, and general alloy steel, as well as for grinding forged cast iron and hard bronze.

2. White Corundum:

White corundum is another fundamental abrasive material commonly used in grinding. It has a slightly higher hardness than brown corundum and offers excellent grinding performance and cutting force. White corundum is suitable for grinding high-hardness steels such as high-carbon steel, high-speed steel, and quenched steel. It is also effective in grinding work-pieces prone to thermal burns, such as cutting tools, thin-walled components, and alloy steel precision grinding.

3. Single Crystal Corundum:

Single crystal corundum exhibits excellent multi-edged cutting ability, high hardness, high toughness values, strong grinding force, low heat generation, and long abrasive grain life. It can be used for processing hard steel, including stainless steel and high-vanadium high-speed steel. Single crystal corundum is particularly suitable for grinding deformable work-pieces, work pieces prone to thermal burns, and heavy-feed grinding operations.

4. Microcrystalline Corundum:

Microcrystalline corundum consists of smaller crystal sizes, offering high strength and excellent self-sharpening ability. It is suitable for deep grinding operations. During grinding, microcrystalline corundum abrasives exhibit a state of micro-fracture while maintaining good self-sharpening characteristics. Therefore, it is suitable for heavy-load, slow-feed grinding operations that require a significant depth of cut.

5. Chrome Corundum:

Chrome corundum, also known as rose corundum, has moderate brittleness and excellent cutting performance. It is suitable for various high-gloss surface finishing or contour grinding operations.

6. Zirconia Corundum:

Zirconia corundum offers high strength and excellent wear resistance, resulting in high grinding efficiency and reduced clogging of grinding wheels. It is suitable for heavy-duty rough grinding or grinding of materials such as stainless steel, heat-resistant alloys, titanium alloys, high-speed steel, and high-vanadium steel.

Grinding processes rely on the selection of appropriate abrasive materials to achieve optimal results. The six commonly used abrasives discussed in this article offer a range of characteristics and applications suitable for various grinding operations. Understanding the properties and proper usage of each abrasive type is crucial for improving grinding efficiency and achieving high-quality surface finishes in the metalworking industry.

When selecting abrasives, factors such as the specific material being ground, desired surface finish, and grinding parameters should be considered. By utilizing the appropriate abrasive material and employing effective grinding techniques, professionals can enhance productivity, precision, and overall performance in their grinding operations.