Understanding the basics of coated abrasive grinding

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Coated abrasive grinding involves the use of a flexible abrasive tool made from abrasive grains,  a backing material,  and a bonding agent. This method offers elastic,  high-efficiency cold cutting for various applications. Coated abrasives find extensive use in:

1. Processing large flat thick and thin plates,  including metal strip processing.

2. High-volume production of metal and non-metal workpieces.

3. Shaping,  grinding,  and polishing complex contour workpieces.

4. Outer cylindrical grinding,  curved surface grinding,  and internal cylindrical grinding of metal pipes,  bars,  and rollers of various diameters.

5. Substituting polishing wheels with flap wheels or sleeve sanders for polishing.

6. Disc-shaped products used for grinding weld seams,  removing burrs,  and rust from large shells,  enclosures,  ship hulls,  bridges,  etc.,  in an efficient,  convenient,  and safe manner.

Mechanism of Abrasive Belt Grinding:

Coated abrasive grinding can be understood as a multi-tooth multi-blade tool,  composed of numerous abrasive grains. The abrasive grains are evenly distributed on the backing material surface,  forming a virtually single-layer arrangement. For high-performance coated abrasives,  the specialized abrasive grains must have uniform size and high basic particle content,  resulting in a well-aligned surface layout of the coated abrasive. Modern production techniques,  such as electrostatic sand planting,  ensure that the abrasive grains have their sharp corners facing outward,  resulting in an oriented grain arrangement. The precise and uniform arrangement of abrasive grains on the coated abrasive surface is a vital factor for maintaining high grinding efficiency and achieving cold grinding.

Unlike grinding wheels,  the key distinction in belt grinding lies in"increasing the vertical load on the belt surface(grinding pressure)instead of raising the belt speed."The belt speed typically ranges between 15-35 m/s,  seldom exceeding 50 m/s.

During the grinding process,  three distinct stages occur in the abrasive belt's interaction with the workpiece:

1. Sliding Friction: Abrasive grains slide on the workpiece surface,  leading to elastic deformation of the workpiece material.

2. Plowing: Abrasive grains cause plastic flow of the workpiece material,  resulting in extrusion-like movement from beneath the abrasive grains forward and sideways,  while simultaneously removing a small amount of material.

3. Cutting: Material in front of the sliding motion experiences fracture,  generating chips and achieving a relatively rapid removal rate.

These three processes are interconnected,  with cutting being the most efficient form of material removal during grinding.

Understanding the basics of coated abrasive grinding is essential for efficient and effective material processing. Coated abrasives provide the flexibility and high-efficiency cold cutting required for various industrial applications,  ranging from large flat plate processing to intricate contour shaping. The unique mechanism of abrasive belt grinding,  with its well-arranged and oriented abrasive grains,  ensures optimal grinding performance. Incorporating this knowledge into material processing practices can lead to enhanced productivity,  precision,  and overall quality,  making coated abrasive grinding a vital technique in the industry.